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Statistics · 20 pages · 622 figures · 255 sources

The numbers behind
telehealth and hormones.

Every figure is taken from a government agency, a peer-reviewed study or a company filing, and links to the page it came from. Free to cite with a link.

Compounding pharmacy statistics About 7,500

US pharmacies specialize in compounding, according to an American Pharmacists Association estimate (2020)

29 figures →
Direct-to-consumer telehealth statistics $2,347.6 million

Hims & Hers revenue in 2025, up 59% year over year

31 figures →
Erectile dysfunction statistics 30 million to 50 million

men in the United States have erectile dysfunction

28 figures →
GLP-1 statistics 18%

of US adults say they have ever taken a GLP-1 drug for weight loss, diabetes or another condition

32 figures →
Hair loss statistics 50 million

men in the United States are estimated to have androgenetic alopecia (male pattern hair loss)

30 figures →
Hormone replacement therapy statistics 90 million

annual US hormone therapy prescriptions in 1999, up from 58 million in 1995

29 figures →
Longevity and biomarker testing statistics $3.91 billion

is the projected size of the US direct-to-consumer laboratory testing market by 2032

34 figures →
Low testosterone statistics 38.7%

of men aged 45 and older visiting US primary care practices had hypogonadism, defined as total testosterone below 300 ng/dL

27 figures →
Men's health statistics 76.5 years

life expectancy at birth for US males in 2024, up 0.7 year from 75.8 years in 2023

33 figures →
Menopause statistics 52

is the average age at menopause in the United States

28 figures →
Obesity statistics 40.3%

of US adults age 20 and older had obesity (BMI 30 or higher) in August 2021 to August 2023

34 figures →
Peptide statistics More than 80

peptide drugs have reached the market since the introduction of insulin almost a century ago

29 figures →
Prediabetes and insulin resistance statistics 115.2 million

US adults aged 18 and older are estimated to have prediabetes

34 figures →
SARMs statistics 1% to 3%

of athletes are estimated to use SARMs

29 figures →
Semaglutide statistics 2 million

Medicare Part D enrollees took Ozempic in 2024, up from fewer than 150,000 in 2019

33 figures →
Sleep and insomnia statistics 30.5%

of US adults slept less than 7 hours in a 24-hour period on average in 2024

35 figures →
Telehealth statistics 37.0%

of US adults used telemedicine in the past 12 months in 2021

30 figures →
Tirzepatide statistics nearly 1 million

Medicare Part D enrollees took Mounjaro in 2024, up from 54,000 in 2022

33 figures →
TRT statistics 0.93%

of male patients had an active testosterone prescription in 2025

34 figures →
Weight loss drug cost statistics $1,349.02

list price (WAC) of a four-pen package of Wegovy injection, the same for every dose

30 figures →

How these pages are made

Each page is researched from primary sources: CDC and NIH data, FDA records, peer-reviewed studies, and company filings. Figures are reported exactly as the source states them, with the year the data refers to. Pages are dated and updated as new data is published. See our editorial standards.

Sources

Regulatory and primary sources

  1. 360Dx: Coverage of Quest Diagnostics fourth-quarter 2025 earnings call ↗ · 2026
  2. AJMC (American Journal of Managed Care): FDA panel backs 6 peptides for compounding ↗ · 2026
  3. AJPM Focus: Prediabetes Awareness Barriers and Enablers: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2020 (Wang et al.) ↗ · 2025
  4. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics: Drug-induced liver injury from selective androgen receptor modulators, anabolic-androgenic steroids and bodybuilding supplements in Australia (Nash et al.) ↗ · 2024
  5. Alliance for Pharmacy Compounding: A Snapshot of Pharmacy Compounding in America 2025-2026 ↗ · 2025
  6. American Cancer Society: Key Statistics for Prostate Cancer ↗ · 2026
  7. American Journal of Epidemiology: Factors related to age at natural menopause: longitudinal analyses from SWAN (Gold EB et al.) ↗ · 2013
  8. American Journal of Medicine: Prevalence and risk factors for erectile dysfunction in the US (Selvin E et al.) ↗ · 2007
  9. American Journal of Sports Medicine: Athlete Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators Abuse: A Systematic Review (Vasireddi et al.) ↗ · 2025
  10. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry: Investigations into the elimination profiles and metabolite ratios of micro-dosed selective androgen receptor modulator LGD-4033 for doping control purposes (Wagener et al.) ↗ · 2022
  11. Andrology: First-generation phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors dropout: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis (Corona G et al.) ↗ · 2016
  12. Annals of Epidemiology: Testosterone prescribing in men with depression and anxiety disorders (Javed et al.) ↗ · 2020
  13. Annals of Internal Medicine: Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians ↗ · 2016
  14. Annals of Internal Medicine: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Trauer et al.) ↗ · 2015
  15. Archives of Internal Medicine: Treatment of symptomatic androgen deficiency: results from the Boston Area Community Health Survey (Hall et al.) ↗ · 2008
  16. Athletech News: Function Health Raises $298 Million at $2.5 Billion Valuation ↗ · 2025
  17. Behavioral Sleep Medicine: Estimating Public Knowledge About Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) and Alternative Treatments (Assar et al.) ↗ · 2026
  18. Biological Psychiatry: Prevalence and perceived health associated with insomnia based on DSM-IV-TR; ICD-10; and RDC/ICSD-2 criteria: results from the America Insomnia Survey (Roth et al.) ↗ · 2011
  19. BJU International: The likely worldwide increase in erectile dysfunction between 1995 and 2025 and some possible policy consequences (Ayta IA et al.) ↗ · 1999
  20. BJU International: The global prevalence of erectile dysfunction: a review (Kessler A et al.) ↗ · 2019
  21. British Journal of Dermatology: Hair density, hair diameter and the prevalence of female pattern hair loss (Birch MP et al.) ↗ · 2001
  22. CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: Prevalence of Healthy Sleep Duration among Adults, United States, 2014 ↗ · 2016
  23. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Mortality in the United States, 2024 (NCHS Data Brief No. 548) ↗ · 2026
  24. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Mortality in the United States, 2023 (NCHS Data Brief No. 521) ↗ · 2024
  25. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: FastStats: Men's Health ↗ · 2026
  26. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: NHIS Adult Summary Health Statistics (National Health Interview Survey, 2025 estimates) ↗ · 2026
  27. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Obesity and Severe Obesity Prevalence in Adults: United States, August 2021-August 2023 (NCHS Data Brief No. 508) ↗ · 2024
  28. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Suicide Mortality in the United States, 2002-2022 (NCHS Data Brief No. 509) ↗ · 2024
  29. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Mental Health Treatment Among Adults Aged 18-44: United States, 2019-2021 (NCHS Data Brief No. 444) ↗ · 2022
  30. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity, and Severe Obesity Among Adults Age 20 and Older: United States, 1960–1962 Through August 2021–August 2023 (Health E-Stat 111) ↗ · 2026
  31. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity, and Severe Obesity Among Children and Adolescents Ages 2–19 Years: United States, 1963–1965 Through August 2021–August 2023 (Health E-Stat 112) ↗ · 2026
  32. CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Telemedicine Use Among Adults: United States, 2021 (NCHS Data Brief No. 445) ↗ · 2022
  33. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Adult Obesity Facts ↗ · 2024
  34. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 2025 Adult Obesity Prevalence by State (BRFSS data table) ↗ · 2026
  35. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Adult Obesity Prevalence Maps (2025 BRFSS data) ↗ · 2026
  36. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Childhood Obesity Facts ↗ · 2024
  37. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: National Diabetes Statistics Report ↗ · 2026
  38. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Prediabetes: Your Chance to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes ↗ · 2026
  39. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: National Diabetes Statistics Report: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States (2024 edition, archived) ↗ · 2024
  40. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: FastStats: Sleep in Adults ↗ · 2024
  41. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: About Sleep ↗ · 2024
  42. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services: Medicare Telehealth Trends (data through Q1 2026) ↗ · 2026
  43. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services: Telehealth FAQ (updated October 2026) ↗ · 2026
  44. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services: Medicare Part D Spending by Drug (data year 2024) ↗ · 2026
  45. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes: Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies (Vlachopoulos CV et al.) ↗ · 2013
  46. Cleveland Clinic: Cleveland Clinic Survey: Men Will Do Almost Anything to Avoid Going to the Doctor ↗ · 2019
  47. ClinCalc DrugStats Database (based on AHRQ Medical Expenditure Panel Survey): Sildenafil - Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2024 ↗ · 2026
  48. ClinCalc DrugStats Database (based on AHRQ Medical Expenditure Panel Survey): Tadalafil - Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2024 ↗ · 2026
  49. ClinCalc DrugStats Database (based on AHRQ Medical Expenditure Panel Survey): Finasteride - Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2024 ↗ · 2026
  50. ClinCalc DrugStats Database (based on AHRQ Medical Expenditure Panel Survey): Estradiol - Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2024 ↗ · 2026
  51. Dermatologic Surgery: Prevalence of male pattern hair loss in 18-49 year old men (Rhodes T et al.) ↗ · 1998
  52. Diabetes Care: Testosterone concentrations in diabetic and nondiabetic obese men (Dhindsa et al.) ↗ · 2010
  53. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism: Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: The STEP 1 trial extension ↗ · 2022
  54. Drug Enforcement Administration (Federal Register): Special Registrations for Telemedicine and Limited State Telemedicine Registrations (proposed rule) ↗ · 2025
  55. Drug Enforcement Administration and HHS (Federal Register): Fourth Temporary Extension of COVID-19 Telemedicine Flexibilities for Prescription of Controlled Medications ↗ · 2025
  56. Drug Enforcement Administration and HHS (Federal Register): Expansion of Buprenorphine Treatment via Telemedicine Encounter (final rule) ↗ · 2025
  57. Drug Enforcement Administration and HHS (Federal Register): Expansion of Buprenorphine Treatment via Telemedicine Encounter and Continuity of Care via Telemedicine for Veterans Affairs Patients (delay of effective date) ↗ · 2025
  58. Eli Lilly and Company: Lilly lowers the price of Zepbound (tirzepatide) single-dose vials ↗ · 2025
  59. Eli Lilly and Company: LillyDirect: Zepbound ↗ · 2026
  60. Eli Lilly and Company (Form 10-K, SEC): Annual report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 ↗ · 2026
  61. Eli Lilly and Company (Form 8-K, SEC): Lilly reports second-quarter 2026 financial results ↗ · 2026
  62. Eli Lilly and Company (SEC Form 8-K, Exhibit 99.1): Lilly reports fourth-quarter 2025 financial results and provides 2026 guidance ↗ · 2026
  63. Eli Lilly and Company (via BioSpace): Foundayo (orforglipron), Lilly's new oral GLP-1 pill for weight loss, now available in the U.S. ↗ · 2026
  64. Epic Research: Hormone Therapy Use Nearly Doubled Since 2017, Led by Women in Their Late 40s and Early 50s ↗ · 2026
  65. Epic Research: After a Nearly Decade-Long Decrease, Testosterone Prescribing Rates Are Rising Again ↗ · 2026
  66. European Urology: Erectile dysfunction prevalence, time of onset and association with risk factors in 300 consecutive patients with acute chest pain and angiographically documented coronary artery disease (Montorsi F et al.) ↗ · 2003
  67. European Urology Focus: Head-to-head Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy Profiles of Three Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors through Patient-reported Outcomes of 130 000 Patients from a Direct-to-consumer Platform Database (Rodler S et al.) ↗ · 2026
  68. European Urology Focus: Decline in Serum Testosterone Levels Among Adolescent and Young Adult Men in the USA (Lokeshwar et al.) ↗ · 2021
  69. FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research: Office of Compliance Annual Report 2025 ↗ · 2026
  70. Federal Register (FDA notice, Docket No. FDA-2025-N-6895): Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee; Notice of Meeting; Establishment of a Public Docket; Request for Comments ↗ · 2026
  71. Femtech Insider: Midi Health Expands Beyond Menopause Care With New Brand Identity ↗ · 2026
  72. Fierce Healthcare: Oura raises $900M series E as smart ring sales catapult company's growth ↗ · 2025
  73. Frontiers in Endocrinology: Association between life's essential 8 and testosterone deficiency in US men: NHANES 2011-2016 (Mei et al.) ↗ · 2024
  74. Frontiers in Public Health: Prediabetes prevalence and awareness by race, ethnicity, and educational attainment among U.S. adults (Formagini et al.) ↗ · 2023
  75. Frontiers in Sleep: Examining the barriers and recommendations for integrating more equitable insomnia treatment options in primary care (Vargas et al.) ↗ · 2023
  76. Function Health: Function Health membership page ↗ · 2026
  77. Gallup: Obesity Rate Declining in U.S. ↗ · 2025
  78. Gallup: Five Aspects of Wellbeing Linked to GLP-1 Effectiveness ↗ · 2026
  79. HHS Office of Inspector General: Telehealth Was Critical for Providing Services to Medicare Beneficiaries During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic (OEI-02-20-00520) ↗ · 2022
  80. Hims & Hers Health, Inc.: Hims Launches New Category in Men's Health with Exclusive Branded Oral Testosterone and Expanded Personalized Treatments ↗ · 2025
  81. Hims & Hers Health, Inc. (SEC Form 10-K): Annual Report for fiscal year 2025 ↗ · 2026
  82. Hims & Hers Health, Inc. (SEC Form 8-K, Exhibit 99.1): Hims & Hers Health, Inc. Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Financial Results ↗ · 2026
  83. Hims & Hers Health, Inc. (SEC Form 8-K, Exhibit 99.1): Hims & Hers Health, Inc. Reports Second Quarter 2026 Financial Results ↗ · 2026
  84. Hims & Hers Health, Inc. (SEC Form 8-K, Exhibit 99.1): Hims & Hers Health, Inc. Reports First Quarter 2026 Financial Results ↗ · 2026
  85. Hims & Hers Health, Inc. (SEC Form 8-K): Q4 2025 Shareholder Letter ↗ · 2026
  86. HSS Journal: Emerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review (Vasireddi et al.) ↗ · 2025
  87. Inquiry (University of Michigan National Poll on Healthy Aging data): Use of At-Home Medical Tests Among Older US Adults: A Nationally Representative Survey (Rager et al.) ↗ · 2024
  88. International Journal of Clinical Practice: Prevalence of hypogonadism in males aged at least 45 years: the HIM study (Mulligan et al.) ↗ · 2006
  89. International Journal of Impotence Research: Adverse effects and potential benefits among selective androgen receptor modulators users: a cross-sectional survey (Efimenko et al.) ↗ · 2022
  90. International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery: ISHRS 2022 Practice Census Results ↗ · 2022
  91. International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery: Worldwide Hair Restoration Trends (2025 Practice Census) ↗ · 2025
  92. International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery (via PR Newswire): New Survey Finds Younger Adults, More Women Seeking Treatment for Hair Loss ↗ · 2025
  93. ISPOR (IQVIA National Prescription Audit data): Assessing Prescribing Trends for Select GLP-1s by Patient Demographics, Providers, and Indication ↗ · 2025
  94. JAMA: Erectile dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease (Thompson IM et al.) ↗ · 2005
  95. JAMA: Dispensing of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists to Adolescents and Young Adults, 2020-2023 ↗ · 2024
  96. JAMA: National use of postmenopausal hormone therapy: annual trends and response to recent evidence (Hersh AL et al.) ↗ · 2004
  97. JAMA: Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial (Rossouw JE et al.) ↗ · 2002
  98. JAMA: Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Long-term All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: The Women's Health Initiative Randomized Trials (Manson JE et al.) ↗ · 2017
  99. JAMA: Chemical Composition and Labeling of Substances Marketed as Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators and Sold via the Internet (Van Wagoner et al.) ↗ · 2017
  100. JAMA: Effect of Continued Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Placebo on Weight Loss Maintenance (STEP 4) ↗ · 2021
  101. JAMA: Trends in Use of Melatonin Supplements Among US Adults, 1999-2018 (Li et al.) ↗ · 2022
  102. JAMA: Continued Treatment With Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults With Obesity (SURMOUNT-4) ↗ · 2024
  103. JAMA: Testosterone Prescribing in the United States, 2002-2016 (Baillargeon et al.) ↗ · 2018
  104. JAMA Dermatology: Investigation of Suicidality and Psychological Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Finasteride (Nguyen DD et al.) ↗ · 2021
  105. JAMA Health Forum: Postshortage Compounded GLP-1 RA Market in 2 States With Potentially High Demand (DiStefano et al.) ↗ · 2026
  106. JAMA Health Forum: Menopausal Hormone Therapy Use Among Postmenopausal Women (Yang L et al.) ↗ · 2024
  107. JAMA Internal Medicine: Trends in androgen prescribing in the United States, 2001 to 2011 (Baillargeon et al.) ↗ · 2013
  108. JAMA Internal Medicine: Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition (Avis NE et al.) ↗ · 2015
  109. JAMA Internal Medicine: Guideline-Discordant Care Among Direct-to-Consumer Testosterone Therapy Platforms (Dubin et al.) ↗ · 2022
  110. JAMA Network Open: Discontinuation and Reinitiation of Dual-Labeled GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Among US Adults With Overweight or Obesity ↗ · 2025
  111. JAMA Network Open: Changes in Minoxidil Prescribing After Media Attention About Oral Use for Hair Loss (Goodwin Cartwright BM et al.) ↗ · 2023
  112. JAMA Network Open: Use of Wearable Devices in Individuals With or at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in the US, 2019 to 2020 (Dhingra et al.) ↗ · 2023
  113. JAMA Network Open: Stimulant, Antidepressant, and Opioid Telehealth Prescription Trends Between 2019 and 2022 (Nagappan et al.) ↗ · 2024
  114. JAMA Pediatrics: Prevalence of Prediabetes Among Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States, 2005-2016 (Andes et al.) ↗ · 2020
  115. JAMA Psychiatry: Receipt of Telehealth Services, Receipt and Retention of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder, and Medically Treated Overdose Among Medicare Beneficiaries (Jones et al.) ↗ · 2022
  116. JAMA Psychiatry: Association of Receipt of Opioid Use Disorder-Related Telehealth Services and Medications for Opioid Use Disorder With Fatal Drug Overdoses Among Medicare Beneficiaries (Jones et al.) ↗ · 2023
  117. JMIR Formative Research: Individual Perceptions of the Efficacy, Quality, and Safety of Sexual Health Care Delivered via a Direct-to-Consumer Telehealth Platform (Bohl M et al.) ↗ · 2026
  118. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Prevalence of symptomatic androgen deficiency in men (Araujo et al.) ↗ · 2007
  119. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Longitudinal effects of aging on serum total and free testosterone levels in healthy men. Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (Harman et al.) ↗ · 2001
  120. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Harmonized Reference Ranges for Circulating Testosterone Levels in Men of Four Cohort Studies in the United States and Europe (Travison et al.) ↗ · 2017
  121. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Characteristics of secondary, primary, and compensated hypogonadism in aging men: evidence from the European Male Ageing Study (Tajar et al.) ↗ · 2010
  122. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Frequent occurrence of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in type 2 diabetes (Dhindsa et al.) ↗ · 2004
  123. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Correlates of low testosterone and symptomatic androgen deficiency in a population-based sample (Hall et al.) ↗ · 2008
  124. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Insulin Resistance and Cardiometabolic Risk Profile Among Nondiabetic American Young Adults: Insights From NHANES (Parcha et al.) ↗ · 2022
  125. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism: Testosterone lab testing and initiation in the United Kingdom and the United States, 2000 to 2011 (Layton et al.) ↗ · 2014
  126. Journal of Clinical Medicine: Trends in Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin Resistance Among Nondiabetic US Adults, NHANES, 1999-2018 (Wu et al.) ↗ · 2025
  127. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology: Survey of Dermatology Practitioners' Opinions and Prescribing Habits of Oral Minoxidil for the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia (Sanfilippo E, Friedman A) ↗ · 2024
  128. Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings: Prevalence of male and female pattern hair loss in Maryborough (Gan DC, Sinclair RD) ↗ · 2005
  129. Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy: All-cause health care resource utilization and costs among adults with alopecia areata: A retrospective claims database study in the United States (Mostaghimi A et al.) ↗ · 2022
  130. Journal of Medical Internet Research: Self-Reported Side Effects Associated With Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators: Social Media Data Analysis (Joshi et al.) ↗ · 2025
  131. Journal of Medical Internet Research: Patient Satisfaction With Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Cohort Study (Ramaswamy et al.) ↗ · 2020
  132. Journal of Medical Toxicology: National Poison Center Trends in GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Exposures Following FDA Approval for Weight Loss (Miller et al.) ↗ · 2026
  133. Journal of Sexual Medicine: One patient out of four with newly diagnosed erectile dysfunction is a young man (Capogrosso P et al.) ↗ · 2013
  134. Journal of Sexual Medicine: Undertreatment of erectile dysfunction: claims analysis of 6.2 million patients (Frederick LR et al.) ↗ · 2014
  135. Journal of Sexual Medicine: Vulvar and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: findings from the REVIVE survey (Kingsberg SA et al.) ↗ · 2013
  136. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology: Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia (Kaufman KD et al.) ↗ · 1998
  137. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology: A randomized clinical trial of 5% topical minoxidil versus 2% topical minoxidil and placebo in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in men (Olsen EA et al.) ↗ · 2002
  138. Journal of Urology: Impotence and its medical and psychosocial correlates: results of the Massachusetts Male Aging Study (Feldman HA et al.) ↗ · 1994
  139. Journal of Urology: What Is a Normal Testosterone Level for Young Men? Rethinking the 300 ng/dL Cutoff for Testosterone Deficiency in Men 20-44 Years Old (Zhu et al.) ↗ · 2022
  140. Journal of Xenobiotics: Systematic Review of Safety of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators in Healthy Adults: Implications for Recreational Users (Vignali et al.) ↗ · 2023
  141. KFF: Poll: 1 in 8 Adults Say They Are Currently Taking a GLP-1 Drug for Weight Loss, Diabetes or Another Condition ↗ · 2025
  142. KFF: KFF Health Tracking Poll: Prescription Drug Costs, Views on Trump Administration Actions, and GLP-1 Use ↗ · 2025
  143. KFF: Recent Trends in GLP-1 Use and Spending in Medicare ↗ · 2026
  144. KFF: Medicaid Coverage of and Spending on GLP-1s ↗ · 2026
  145. KFF: 2025 Employer Health Benefits Survey ↗ · 2025
  146. KFF: A New Use for Wegovy Opens the Door to Medicare Coverage for Millions of People with Obesity ↗ · 2024
  147. KFF: What to Know About the BALANCE Model for GLP-1s in Medicare and Medicaid and the Medicare GLP-1 Bridge ↗ · 2026
  148. LifeMD, Inc. (SEC Form 8-K, Exhibit 99.1): LifeMD Reports Second Quarter 2026 Results ↗ · 2026
  149. LifeMD, Inc. (SEC Form 8-K, Exhibit 99.1): LifeMD Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results ↗ · 2026
  150. Maturitas: Real-world evaluation of treatment utilization by women experiencing vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause in the United States and Europe: Findings from the REALISE study (Kingsberg S et al.) ↗ · 2024
  151. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: A population-based, longitudinal study of erectile dysfunction and future coronary artery disease (Inman BA et al.) ↗ · 2009
  152. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Incidence of alopecia areata in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1975 through 1989 (Safavi KH et al.) ↗ · 1995
  153. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: United States Menopausal Hormone Therapy Usage Trends: An Observational Study (Faubion SS et al.) ↗ · 2026
  154. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Menopause Management Knowledge in Postgraduate Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, and Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents: A Cross-Sectional Survey (Kling JM et al.) ↗ · 2019
  155. Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Impact of Menopause Symptoms on Women in the Workplace (Faubion SS et al.) ↗ · 2023
  156. Medicare.gov (CMS): Weight loss drugs ↗ · 2026
  157. MedlinePlus Genetics, US National Library of Medicine: Androgenetic alopecia ↗ · 2023
  158. Menopause: Impact of the severity of vasomotor symptoms on health status, resource use, and productivity (Whiteley J et al.) ↗ · 2013
  159. Menopause: Incremental direct and indirect costs of untreated vasomotor symptoms (Sarrel P et al.) ↗ · 2015
  160. Mercer: Employers and workers face affordability crunch as health insurance cost is expected to exceed $18,500 per employee in 2026 ↗ · 2025
  161. Meticulous Research: U.S. Direct-to-Consumer Laboratory Testing Market to Reach $3.91 Billion by 2032 ↗ · 2024
  162. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine: The Clinical Utility of Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy: A Review of Safety, Effectiveness, and Use (Appendix E) ↗ · 2020
  163. National Cancer Institute (HINTS): HINTS Brief 53: Patterns and Predictors of Telehealth Use among US Adults in 2022 ↗ · 2024
  164. National Center for Health Statistics (CDC): Prevalence of Total, Diagnosed, and Undiagnosed Diabetes in Adults: United States, August 2021-August 2023 (NCHS Data Brief No. 516) ↗ · 2024
  165. National Center for Health Statistics (CDC): Short Sleep Duration and Sleep Difficulties Among Adults: United States, 2024 (NCHS Data Brief No. 559) ↗ · 2026
  166. National Center for Health Statistics (CDC): Sleep Difficulties in Adults: United States, 2020 (NCHS Data Brief No. 436) ↗ · 2022
  167. National Center for Health Statistics (CDC): Sleep Medication Use in Adults Aged 18 and Over: United States, 2020 (NCHS Data Brief No. 462) ↗ · 2023
  168. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH): Study reveals wearable device trends among U.S. adults ↗ · 2023
  169. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIH): Definition & Facts for Erectile Dysfunction ↗ · 2024
  170. Nature Reviews Disease Primers: Insomnia disorder (Spiegelhalder et al.) ↗ · 2026
  171. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery: Trends in peptide drug discovery (Muttenthaler et al.) ↗ · 2021
  172. NBC News: FDA panel calls to loosen restrictions on testosterone replacement therapy ↗ · 2025
  173. New England Journal of Medicine: The decrease in breast-cancer incidence in 2003 in the United States (Ravdin PM et al.) ↗ · 2007
  174. New England Journal of Medicine: Identification of late-onset hypogonadism in middle-aged and elderly men (Wu et al.) ↗ · 2010
  175. New England Journal of Medicine: Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy (TRAVERSE, Lincoff et al.) ↗ · 2023
  176. New England Journal of Medicine: Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin (Diabetes Prevention Program) ↗ · 2002
  177. New England Journal of Medicine: Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity (STEP 1) ↗ · 2021
  178. New England Journal of Medicine: Oral Semaglutide at a Dose of 25 mg in Adults with Overweight or Obesity ↗ · 2025
  179. New England Journal of Medicine: Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes (SELECT) ↗ · 2023
  180. New England Journal of Medicine: Effects of Semaglutide on Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (FLOW) ↗ · 2024
  181. New England Journal of Medicine: Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity (SURMOUNT-1) ↗ · 2022
  182. New England Journal of Medicine: Tirzepatide as Compared with Semaglutide for the Treatment of Obesity (SURMOUNT-5) ↗ · 2025
  183. New England Journal of Medicine: Tirzepatide for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity (SURMOUNT-OSA) ↗ · 2024
  184. New England Journal of Medicine: Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide Once Weekly in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (SURPASS-2) ↗ · 2021
  185. New England Journal of Medicine: Cardiovascular Outcomes with Tirzepatide versus Dulaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes (SURPASS-CVOT) ↗ · 2025
  186. New England Journal of Medicine: Tirzepatide for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Obesity (SUMMIT) ↗ · 2025
  187. Novo Nordisk: Novo Nordisk's Wegovy pill, the first and only oral GLP-1 for weight loss in adults, now broadly available across America ↗ · 2026
  188. Novo Nordisk: Wegovy pricing information ↗ · 2026
  189. Novo Nordisk: Ozempic pricing information ↗ · 2026
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